The Internet Man s Greatest Double Edge Sword - 1326 Words

The Internet: Man’s Greatest Double Edge Sword The internet. It is one of man’s greatest technological achievements and useful tools, but also one of its deadliest and addicting drugs. And with each hallucinogen comes consequences. It starts small, as with any narcotic. Just five minutes on Pintrest, a quick tweet, or maybe a Facebook timeline update. But as time progresses, the signs and symptoms of this toxic habit become ever so present. Two and a half hours wasted, sleep deprivation, and even violent reactions are just a few of the various indicators that a person has been squandering copious amounts of time on the internet. As soon as a person enters the facebook web address into their browser, they slowly become immersed into the soft, glowing blue background that envelopes many people today. But this is not to say that the internet is purely evil. With the internet, people do not have to waste countless hours looking for books at the library for a resear ch essay. News spreads faster due to websites such as Fox News and CNN. People can now work on projects together from the comfort of their homes. Although the internet has positively influenced society in many ways, it has a done more damage to individuals than benefit by spreading bad news faster, wasting peoples precious time with useless games and phone applications, and introducing cyber bullying, all of which need to be stopped. The internet offers a multitude of resources are at one’s disposalShow MoreRelatedBusiness Information Systems31162 Words   |  125 PagesIT infrastructure. d. information system. Answer: c Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 15 25. An intranet uses: a. mainframe technology. b. infrared telecommunications systems. c. the telecommunications capacities of fiber optic networks. d. internet technology within the boundaries of the firm. Answer: d Difficulty: Medium Reference: p. 22 26. The first step in the four-step model of business problem solving is: a. agreeing that a problem exists. b. identifying the problem. c. outliningRead MoreManagement Information Systems22991 Words   |  92 Pagesof the primary business objectives? A) Operational excellence B) Survival C) Customer and supplier intimacy D) Improved decision making 2) Journalist Thomas Friedman s description of the world as flat referred to: A) the flattening of economic and cultural advantages of developed countries. B) the use of the Internet and technology for instantaneous communication. C) the reduction in travel times and the ubiquity of global exchange and travel. D) the growth of globalization. 3) TheRead MoreSo, How Do People Really Use Their Handheld Devices? an Interactive Study of Wireless Technology Use13130 Words   |  53 Pagescontrol to preserve this sense of self. However, in this fast-forward age, they may also blur traditional boundaries to such a degree, that the lines delineating our sense of self will become shadowy and inconsequential. Just as our greatest strength is often our greatest weakness, we may ï ¬ nd that the challenges involved in harnessing technology within our own personal and organizational context will create a much stronger sense of self. How then, do normal people who ï ¬ nd * Correspondence to: FrancineRead MoreThesis - Information Operations in Strategic, Operational, and Tactical Levels of War23393 Words   |  94 PagesAND SUBTITLE: Information Operations In Strategic, Operational, And 5. FUNDING NUMBERS Tactical Levels Of War: A Balanced Systematic Approach 6. AUTHOR(S) Bunyamin Tuner 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 8. PERFORMING Naval Postgraduate School ORGANIZATION REPORT Monterey, CA 93943-5000 NUMBER 9. SPONSORING /MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 10. SPONSORING/MONITORING N/A AGENCY REPORT NUMBER 11. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES The views expressed in this thesis are those of the authorRead MoreUnited Arab of Emirates Country Notebook18844 Words   |  76 Pagesbehind the coastal plain in a triangle between the gravel plain and the mountain of the East and the sands of Saudi Arabia to the South. Far to the South, the oases of Al-Liwa are aligned in an arc along the edge of dunes which rise above 90m (300ft). Furthermore Dubai has been the world ´s catalyst regarding construction and project development until the world economic crises started. The world was able to witness the creation of palm jumeirah the world’s biggest artificial island. UAE has becomeRead MoreCrossing the Chasm76808 Words   |  308 Pagesover the past several years of consulting at The Chasm Group. Elsewhere, I took a slightly new angle on creating the competition and, when it came to the section on distribution, I have done my best to incorporate the emerging influence of the Internet. But the overwhelming bulk of the changes in this new edition—representing about a third of total text—simply swap out the original examples from the 1980s with new ones from the 1990s. Surprisingly, in the majority of cases this swap works veryRead MoreUnited Arab of Emirates Country Notebook18844 Words   |  76 Pagesbehind the coastal plain in a triangle between the gravel plain and the mountain of the East and the sands of Saudi Arabia to the South. Far to the South, the oases of Al-Liwa are aligned in an arc along the edge of dunes which rise above 90m (300ft). Furthermore Dubai has been the world ´s catalyst regarding construction and project development until the world economic crises started. The world was able to witness the creation of palm jumeirah the world’s biggest artificial island. 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Agromas Free Essays

string(66) " the development of the product, the market and the entrepreneur\." [pic] UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY MARA UiTM SHAH ALAM BRM 681 BUSINESS RESEARCH METHODOLOGY PERFORMANCE DETERMINANTS OF FAMA’S AGROMAS PRODUCTS IN SHAH ALAM PREPARED FOR: DR. NOORAINI MOHAMAD SHERIFF PREPARED BY: FARIDAH NOR MOHD MOKHTAR 2011514043 MOHD ADY AZRI ISLAKHUDDIN 2011729145 NUR ZULAIKHA ABD AZIZ 2011356423 SITI KHADIJAH MOHD MOKHTAR 2011926713 CLASS: BM 7701CF TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTERS 1. INTRODUCTION 1 1. We will write a custom essay sample on Agromas or any similar topic only for you Order Now Background of Study 1 2. Background of Company 2 3. Scope of Study 5 4. Problem Statement 5 . Research Objectives7 6. Research Questions8 7. Theoretical Framework8 8. Significance of Study8 9. Limitations of Study9 2. LITERATURE REVIEW10 1. Introduction 10 2. Sales Performance10 3. Promotion Effectiveness11 4. Availability of Product12 3. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY14 1. Research Design14 2. Sampling Frame14 3. Sample Size14 4. Sampling Technique15 5. Data Unit Analysis15 6. Data Collection Procedures15 7. Survey Instrument 15 8. Validity Instrument16 9. Data Analysis Plan 16 4. REFERENCES17 APENDIXES19 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1. INTRODUCTION As far as eating-out is concerned, Malaysia is one of the countries in the world where a family can afford to eat out almost every day of the week. Depending on one’s budget, the choice of eating places can range from posh hotels and chic sidewalk cafes to fast-food joints and hawker stalls. The variety of international and local cuisines available in almost all major commercial centers has influenced consumer’s desires, tastes and preferences. One thing that can be noticed about the Malaysian nowadays, they are more driven towards fast, easy and instant product. This is noticeable more on the urban area where most people are having a very busy lifestyle. Malaysia’s consumer lifestyle has been evolving and changing due to rising of affluence and education levels. So this is the other factor that consumer today are concern towards fast, easy and instant product consumption. Malaysians are becoming more westernized, sophisticated and cosmopolitan. Admenment 1. Background of Study Although the fast growth in sales of instant food products has intrigued researchers’ interests, most existing research on the food industry has dealt with marketing strategies more than consumer’s behavior. Without in depth understanding of consumer behavior for this product category, it is difficult to devise effective marketing strategies. Furthermore, there are numerous studies regarding consumer’s attitudes and purchase behaviors the food products. It is also to be remembered that well organized production process and innovative product are in vain, if the consumer doesn’t like it, then the product is not viable in the market. It is necessary to recognizing the consumer behavior at the product and it is important to know what strategies of marketing that the products need to apply in order to increase sales performance. Availability of certain product itself also gives big impact to company sales performance. For deep understand of sales performance, it necessary to look out company products as well as marketing strategies that they used. The  Pareto principle  also known as the  80–20 rule, states that, for many events, roughly 80% of the effects come from 20% of the causes. However in business situations it can be define as â€Å"80% of your profits come from 20% of your product†. Based on researchers study, researchers only focus one roduct that most generate sales in the company which is instant coffee. 2. Background of Company Established on 30 September 1956, the Federal Agriculture Marketing Authority (FAMA) is a marketing agency established by the Government under the Ministry of Agriculture and Agro-based Industry. As the Government’s marketing arm for agricultural products, FAMA is responsible for various marketing activities. Amongst its responsibilities are to set targets and product standards, monitor performance, as well as develop marketing strategies for Malaysian agricultural products. Moreover, it also runs the purposes to supervise, coordinate, regulate and develop the Malaysian agriculture produce, including import and export. FAMA organizes marketing activities, set targets and product standards, monitor performance, develop marketing strategies and tools as well as initiate innovative programs to promote Malaysian agricultural products. FAMA organizes promotional and national branding particularly for local agriculture produce producer and marketer to help them gain a market share in domestic and international markets. It give the intention towards the efforts on developing agriculture produce and food products exporter and entrepreneur and developing Malaysia’s Best and OleMas and/or AgroMas brands. 1. VISION To be the paramount leader in food marketing and agricultural produce. 2. MISSION Develop food marketing chain and agricultural produce that is efficient and effective to increase value to our clients. 3. OBJECTIVES a) Realizing ? Wawasan Negara and Dasar Pertanian Negara ? to make Malaysia as world food major producer through the efficiency and effectiveness for agriculture food product. ) Marketing infrastructure development and supply chain system that is efficient and effective. c) Market developments on agricultural food produces and increase the demand of it internally and outside the country. d) Driving human resource capability in knowledge based agricultural marketing and latest technology. 4. MAIN FUNCTION a) Coordinate agriculture marketing activities whether which involves private party or department / government agency. b) Improve marketing system and expand also to develop new market for Malaysian agriculture results. ) Collaborate with private party and department / government agency to create agricultural marketing with efficient and effective. d) Develop management that is efficient in agro-industry over marketing activity or agricultural products processing, and e) Involve directly in agriculture industry especially in marketing activity or agricultural products processing. 5. MARKETING CONTRACT (AGROMAS) Under the Federal Agriculture Marketing Authority (FAMA), there are two main brands that they market that are AgroMas and OLE MAS. AgroMas is brand that was developed by FAMA which responsible FAMA market that products. FAMA has introduced the â€Å"AgroMas† brand to promote agro products that have the potential for the domestic and export markets. FAMA had been using the AgroMas brand in assisting the development of agricultural products, particularly food products manufactured by SMIs, by expanding their markets, enhancing profitability of the enterprises and adding value to the selected fresh produce. Under the processed-food marketing division, FAMA focuses on the development of the product, the market and the entrepreneur. You read "Agromas" in category "Essay examples" This approach has helped the agro-based processed-food entrepreneurs to become FAMA vendors. The agricultural products carrying the AgroMas branding must conform to quality and standards set by FAMA and must undergo a stringent assessment procedure. Before the food products could adopt the AgroMas branding, FAMA would identify those with high market potential by carrying out assessment based on factors such as factory hygiene, customer’s feedback and capability of the product in meeting market demands. Only after passing a stringent assessment procedure would FAMA committee decides whether the product is fit to bear the AgroMas label. Since last year, 2010, more and more new products under AgroMas brand name are developed as FAMA aims at boosting its sales through AgroMas brand, it has identified several unfailing marketing strategies. To date, there are some 34 agricultural products as well as SMIs that are using the AgroMas brand. For the global market, FAMA is collaborating with local companies with marketing network overseas. There are several AgroMas food products have already penetrated the international market, among others in Singapore, Indonesia, Brunei, Indonesia, West Asian countries and the European Union. Apart from expanding geographically, FAMA is also increasing distribution of AgroMas food products that are in high demands. This is to make the products available more widely in the general consumer market. Presently AgroMas food products can only be found at selected supermarket such as Giant, Tesco, Carrefour, Mydin and their own FAMA AgroBazaar outlet stores. 3. Scope of Study This study is being conducted in the area of Shah Alam to look at the factors that poor sales performance of AgroMas. This study will involve the customers of Agro products. This study also will involve 100 respondents and will be distribute. 4. Problem Statement AgroMas seems to be a product of Malaysia that had been in the market for a very long time. They have the quality, great packaging, and as well strong brand name and among the finest taste of Malaysian brand. Under the processed-food marketing division, FAMA focuses on the development of the product, the market and the entrepreneur. This is to assist towards the development of agricultural products, particularly food products manufactured by SMIs. As for the development of more products being introduced in the market, it is expecting increasing market growth from it as to promote agro products that have the potential for the domestic and export markets. However, the problem faced by AgroMas is that they are having poor sales performance. Agromas actually are target to increase their sales at least 20% per year but unfortunately their just able to archived average growth rate 13. 33% since 2008. To know view and what problem that faced by AgroMas, we had personally interview En. Noor A’zizi Omar, the Economic Affairs Assistant Officer at FAMA Shah Alam and he had mention about this problem faced by AgroMas. He said that, one of the reasons why AgroMas sales performance is poor because ineffective of promotional mix. If not, of course AgroMas have been expand more markets and well known by more Malaysian consumers. He added that AgroMas team actually had produce TV commercials and billboard advertisement along certain highways but them still not having good sales performance. He also said, to measure sales performance there are involved 3 steps which are, first is based on order received, second is outflow of stock and lastly is when company received payment from customers. |Year |2008 |2009 |2010 |2011 | |Sales (RM) |112,240 |134,688 |161,626 |193,951 | |Increase % |- |20 |20 |20 | Table 1: Expected Annual sales by year Table above show the expected sales that should be received by AgroMas but because of ineffective of promotion mix there are failure to achieve their target. |Year |2008 |2009 |2010 |2011 | |Sales (RM) |112,240 |125,709 |135,766 |150,700 | |Increase % |- |12 |8 |11 | Table 2: Actual Annual sales by year Table above show the actual annual sales received by AgroMas. It shows that the higher sales rate just only 12% which is in 2009 and the lowest sales rate is only 8%. This is not achieving AgroMas target for sales which is expected to increase sales up to 20% per year. For more understanding regarding the expected and actual sales performance for AgroMas for determinants of poor performance sales, we can refer to graph below: [pic]Source: Myfinancial – Selangor State Commodity Report. Graph 1: AgroMas Annual Sales by Year As from the AgroMas annual sales graph attached above, it had showed slightly increases of sales throughout the past four (4) years from 2008 till 2011. But unfortunately, the slightly increasing sale of AgroMas products still can’t achieve their own sales target. It is because AgroMas already aimed the target that they must at least increase their sales in 20% per year. But the result showed all of the year the sales are increase less than 15%. That means that AgroMas not achieve their sales target and it comes to problem for them. Thus, this study is to identify how to increase sales of AgroMas products. This might help AgroMas to come out with unique and effective strategies in the future. 5. Research Objective 1. To determine the relationship between promotion effectiveness and sales performance of Agromas. 2. To identify the relationship between availability of product and sales performance of Agromas. 6. Research Question 1. How does promotion effectiveness affect sales performance of Agromas? 2. How does availability of product by Agromas Products effect sales performance? 7. Theoretical Framework 8. Significant of Study 1. Significant to the Public This study is to determine what the factors for the customer to patron Agro Bazaar Kedai Rakyat in Shah Alam. This study can help identifies the main factors that contribute to the patronization of Agro Bazaar Kedai Rakyat. It also can identify the degree of public satisfaction through the service offered by Agro Bazaar Kedai Rakyat. 2. Significant to the Researcher In this study, researcher can apply all the knowledge that we had learned in the subject of Research Methodology and Retail Study. Researcher cans personally being exposed to the working environment before entering the real working condition. At certain time, the experience and knowledge that we gain can also be used in the future especially in solving problem. 3. Significant to the FAMA and AgroMas The main purpose of doing this research is to determine the patronization of Agro Bazaar Kedai Rakyat in Shah Alam. This research is important in order to identify what are the factors that lead to consumer patronization towards Agro Bazaar Kedai Rakyat in Shah Alam. The outcome of the study will be useful to Agrobazaar in helping the improvement of the retail store. Results of the improvement effort also will benefit the public. In the long run, this study may be used as a reference for evaluating the customer satisfaction and patronization towards other local retail store. 9. Limitations of Study 1. Availability of Data The study is based on the data collected from the secondary sources. Therefore the accuracy of this study depends on the publish data. 2. Time constraint Time constraint has been encountered ever since the study has been started on the early semester. The progress of the work has not been done smoothly as the time spends must be divided between the tasks given by the company where the practical training is held as well as the time to complete the research. 3. Lack of Experience It is difficult to conduct a research due to the lack of experience since first time involved in conducting research. Although there are many problems, full of commitment is given to finish the research and to overcome such barriers. CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW 2. INTRODUCTION Literature review is a critical summary and an assessment of the current state of knowledge or current state of the art in a particular field. Literature review also can be define as the selection of available documents (both published and unpublished) on the topic, which contain information, ideas, data and evidence written from a particular standpoint to fulfill certain aims or express certain views on the nature of the topic and how it’s to be investigated, and the effective evaluation of these documents in relation to the research being proposed. 1. Sales Performance The first variable in this research is sale performance. Managers and researchers are interested in how to develop more effective selling strategies for increased sales performance which can contribute to the creation of strong and long-lasting positive relationships with customers (Ghazaleh Moghareh Abed and Mohammad Haghighi, 2009). Researchers believe that these approaches can create more flexible, responsive partnerships, thereby improving the firm’s performance especially on sales. Furthermore, competition is stronger due to market globalization, and technology is continually becoming more advanced (Anderson, 1996; Wotruba, 1996). Producing the best available product is not enough but it also has to be sold. If companies want to survive in their market, they must pay great attention to the availability of their products and marketing strategies. This makes it important for companies to understand what ‘things’ influence their sales of performance. Identification of the relative influence of these determines factors can be used to focus a company’s efforts on the areas that are most important, improving the sales performance. To achieve and maintain good sales performance, therefore, retailers must pursue a retail strategy that aligns closely with customer merchandise preferences (Andrew J. Newman, Darshika Patel, 2004). When attempting to ascertain the reason for poor levels of sales performance, it is reasonable to assume that this may be due to ineffective positioning (Davies and Brooks, 1989), and a failure of the retailer’s positioning marketing strategy. This is an integrated management activity that takes in elements of the retail mix such as merchandising, store formats, sales staff interaction, promotional efforts (Walters and Laffy, 1996) and reputation. These factors create a point of differentiation, separate retailers from the competition, and create the retail brand. It can be assume that because of the image brand of others food products such as Adabi, Babas, Maggie and etc; it can affect the sales performance of the AgroMas company. In the other hand, retail management strategies ensure that the most stylish merchandise is available in the stores at the right time, and thus maintains brand image in the minds of the customer (Newman and Cullen, 2002). Therefore it is one of the reasons why AgroMas facing poor sales erformance due to availability of their products in the markets. So it is important to place AgroMAs products at the right time, right price and the most importantly are at the right place or store therefore to increase their sales volume and sales performance. 2. Promotion Effectiveness The second variable in this research is promotion effectiveness. This section will be discussed any data or previous study that rela tes to advertisement or promotion by target markets. Generally, promotion is communicating with the public in an attempt to influence them toward buying your products or services. One of the ways to promote the product is through television program. The more that brand involving the program, the more positive the ad response (David w. Llyod and Kevin J. Clancy). In addition, the content had been easy to understand for the passive viewer who wants to feel good stories that are not to serious and too demanding critical thinking (Joyce M. Wolburg). By referring AgroMas case, in order to ensure the products are aware by customer, AgroMas create documentary about the AgroMas product which is most of the product is agriculture product. As a result, the customer know how the product are be prepared by the AgroMas from the raw materials until finished goods. Besides that, physical attractiveness in an advertisement would influence purchase intention. Further, the influence of a physical attractiveness is also dependent on the product involvement of the consumers, familiarity with the products and the relative establishment of the strength of the advertised brands (Ian Phau, Linda Lam, 2000). Method that had been used by AgroMas in order to ensure the customer get knowledge about their product is involved in exhibition. In addition, the visitors emphasise information gathering, particularly information about new products, so the objectives of improving the company’s image and of gaining an edge on non-exhibitors would appear to be realistic non-selling objectives. From that exhibition, AgroMas can influence people who come to their booth to purchase their product especially instant coffee. That is the best way in order to do the promotion of their product. 3. Availability of Product When a demand curve is matched with a supply curve, the result predicts both the price and quantity of goods sold in a competitive market (Rob Docters, Bert Schefers, Tracy Korman, Christine Durman, 2008). However when demand curve is not matched with supply curve it call shortage or surplus. Sometimes because of surplus of good it make some of retailers refuse to market or sell of products anymore, therefore it makes the particular products not available in the certain retails stores. Availability of certain products is from the impact of disturbances of past purchase patterns on brand loyalty and long term demands for products. Even in days of plenty, brand loyalties were strongly influenced by the controlling factors of market structures and the constraints they imposed on the availability of products in the final market (Philip B. Schary, Boris W. Becker, 1993). According to AgroMAs case seems look that one of the factors their products availability is because of customers brand loyalty. Customers used to choose their brand loyalty such as Nestle compared to products that they don’t know at all. There is no consumer interest, by definition, in specific brands. It is due to customers having learned about the product through promotion and experience, demand is responsive to degrees of product availability. Physical distribution is one of factors that effects on the market place thus, more effort in distribution leads to higher levels of sales (Philip B. Schary, Boris W. Becker, 1993). Increased numbers of outlets, increased inventory service by intermediaries or is it a result of increased perception of the product by consumers as a result of additional shelf-space allocation by the retailer (Rob Docters, Bert Schefers, Tracy Korman, Christine Durman, 2008). Based on AgroMas situations, their physical distribution is so limited whereas they only supply the products to the certain wholesalers or retailers only. Therefore, it is difficult to find AgroMas’s products available in the markets. Moreover, the retailer seldom has the same degree of interest in the specific brand that his supplier does, because he is trying to solve a different problem: how to compete with other stores (Philip B. Schary, Boris W. Becker, 1993). That means, manufacturer can influence a retailer to stock his products by promotional effort to a far greater degree than by logistics offerings. In many product classes, it appears that consumers are more store loyal than product loyal. This in turn shifts the struggle for influencing sales through availability from the consumer directly to the retailer as intermediate decision maker. CHAPTER 3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 3. INTRODUCTION This chapter deals with the details that are critical in executing a meaningful and accurate report on this study. As business research covers a wide range of phenomena, not all areas will be discussed, however, general concepts or any relevant information and rationalization of chosen approaches will be. . Research Design The research of this study will use descriptive research which describes the characteristics of an existing phenomenon. Descriptive research falls under non-experimental research. It provides a broad picture of a phenomenon and focuses on events that occur in the present (Salkind, 2009). Therefore, the research will be conducted by using descriptive research in order to study the performance of poorsales for fama’s agromas products. 2. Sampling Frame The sampling frame that will be used in this study is the customer who shops at the store who sells AgroMas products and also publics who once head about AgroMas products. 3. Sample Size According to Sekaran and Bougie (2010), a sample should be big enough to help answer the research question accurately, but not so big that the process of sampling becomes uneconomical and inefficient. If the sample too small, it is not representative of the population and too large to overkill. Although, the less representative the sample is of the population, the more sampling error is present. Therefore, in this study, the researchers decided to select 100 respondents because of feasibility reason since it is not easy to approach customers who are in the middle of shopping, and not to forget the publics around Shah Alam too. 4. Sampling Technique The sampling technique that will be used in this study is simple random sampling under probability sampling strategies. Each customer of the population has an equal and independent chance of being selected to be part of the sample. Equal means there is no bias that one person will be chosen rather than another. Then, an independent means the choice of the one person does not bias the researcher for or against the choice of another (Salkind, 2009). 5. Data Unit Analysis The unit of analysis will be the individual (walk in) customers and publics around Shah Alam. 6. Data Collection Procedures Data collection procedure that will be used for this study is questionnaires. The advantages of using questionnaire are it is less expensive to be administered, almost 100 percent response rate ensured and convenience to the respondents to give their feedback. The questionnaires will have cover to provide information regarding the topic that the study focuses. Questionnaires will be distributed to walk in customer specific retail shop which sells AgroMas products. The cover of questionnaires will be explaining the objectives of the study. The researcher will distribute the questionnaires to respondents and collect promptly once done within that day. 7. Survey Instrument The instrument that will be use in this study is questionnaire. The items of questionnaires will be formulated according the research objectives and the research question in this study. The questionnaires will be divided into four sections. Section A will be focus on respondents’ demographic background such as gender, race, age, religion, occupation and marital status. For section B, the item will be focus on the promotion effectiveness. For section C, questionnaires focus on availability of products. Lastly, Section D will be focus on sales performance. In addition, the research uses Nominal as a level of measurement for the questionnaires in section A and for other sections (B, C, D) researches using Interval. In order to meet the purpose of this study, Likert Scale with the range of 1 to 5 points being used started 1-Strongly Disagree, 2-Disagree, 3- Neutral, 4-Agree, and 5-Strongly Agree. And not to forget the numerical scale on Section D where researcher uses the 10 scale of extremely satisfied and extremely dissatisfied. 8. Validity of Instrument The questions will be validated in order to ensure the questionnaires that have been used for the method in this study are valid. The important of questionnaires will be tested for the face and content validity. The questionnaires related the factor that influencing sales performance adopted from the past research. Afterward, the researcher will select panels of expertise from Faculty of Business Management to check for content and validity. The questionnaires will be checking by experts in the field to ensure the researchers did not get any mistake when conducting the questionnaire for this study. Thus, the questionnaires will be in line with the objectives for this research. The effectiveness of the questions is very important to maintain the validity of instrument. 9. Data Analysis Plan Data analysis explains the techniques to analyze data obtained from the questionnaire. The statistic use is descriptive statistic. Data collected in the study will be analyzed using Statistical Packages for Social Science (SPSS) version 17. 0. The analysis in this study will involve descriptive statistical (frequencies and percentages) which include frequencies and mean, mode, and standard deviation. 4. REFERENCES Anderson, R. E. (1996), ‘‘Personal selling and sales management in the new millennium’’,Journal of Personal Selling and Sales Management, Vol. 16 No. 4, pp. 17-32. Andrew J. Newman, Darshika Patel, (2004),†The marketing directions of two fashionretailers†, European Journal of Marketing, Vol. 38 Iss: 7 pp. 770 – 789 (Davies andBrooks, 1989). David W. Lloyd, Kevin J. Clancy, (1993),†Television program involvement and advertising response†, Journal of Consumer Marketing, Vol. 8 Iss: 4 pp. 61 – 74 Ghazaleh Moghareh Abed, Mohammad Haghighi, (2009),†The effect of selling strategies onsales performance†, Business Strategy Series, Vol. 10 Iss: 5 pp. 266 – 282. Ian Phau, Linda Lam, (2000), â€Å"Effects of â€Å"physical attractiveness† in the evaluation of print advertisements†, Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, Vol. 12 Iss: 4 pp. 41 – 59 Jim Blythe, (1999),†Visitor and exhibitor expectations and outcomes at trade exhibitions†, Marketing Intelligence Planning, Vol. 17 Iss: 2 pp. 100 – 110 Joyce M. Wolburg, (2001),†Misplaced marketing: Why television is the â€Å"wrong† environment for public service advertising campaigns†, Journal of Consumer Marketing, Vol. 18 Iss: 6 pp. 471 – 473 Kotler, P. (1973-74). Atmospherics as a marketing tool. Journal of Retailing, 49 (November),48- 64 Salkind, N. J. (2009), Exploring Research. Ed. 7th . New Jersey: PearsonEducation. Philip B. Schary, Boris W. Becker, (1993),†Product availability and the management ofdemand†, European Journal of Marketing, Vol. 10 Iss: 3 pp. 127 – 135. Rob Docters, Bert Schefers, Tracy Korman, Christine Durman, (2008),†The neglecteddemand curve: how to build one and how to benefit†, Journal of Business Strategy,Vol. 29 Iss: 5 pp. 19 – 25. Sekaran, U. , and Bougie, R. (2009), Research Method for Business: A Skill BuildingApproach. Ed. 5th. John Wiley and Son. Walters, D. and Laffy, D. (1996), Managing Retail Productivity and Profitability, Macmillan,London. Newman and Cullen, 2002). APENDIXES Operationalize Map [pic] [pic] Serial Number Dear Sir/Madam, We, Faridah Nor Mohd Mokhtar (2011514043), Nur Zulaikha Abd Aziz (2011356423), Mohd Adi Azry Mohd Islakhuddin (2011729145) and Siti Khadijah Mohd Mokhtar (2011926713) are students of Master Business Administration (MBA) from Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM). Current ly, we are conducting a research regarding a topic of Performance Determinants of FAMA’s AgroMas Product in Shah Alam. As part of this reason, we are seeking your kind cooperation in answering this questionnaire as truthful as possible. All information given will be treated with strict confidence and will be used for the purpose of the study only. If you need any clarification please contact the researcher Faridah Nor Mohd Mokhtar at +60139664694. Thank You. SectionA: Demographic Profile A1. Gender: 1) Male 2) Female A2. Age: 1) 18-25 years old 2) 26-33 years old 3) 34-40 years old 4) 40years old and above A3. Race: 1) Malay 2) Chinese/ Cina 3) Indian/ India 4) Others : Please specify: _____________ A4. Highest Education: 1) SPM 2) STPM 3) Diploma 4) Degree 5) Others : Please specify :_________________ A5. Employment: ) Government Employee 2) Private Sector Employee 3) Others : Please specify: _____________ A6. Monthly income: 1) ; RM2,000 2) RM2,001 – RM 4,000 3) RM 4,001 – RM 6000 4) ; RM6,000 Section B: Promotion Effectiveness For Question B1-B9, you should circle your choice of answer according to the scale given. |Strongly Disagree |(2) Disagree |(3) Neither Disagree |(4) Agree |(5) Strongly | | | |Nor Agree | |Agree | B1. You have a positive reaction towards AgroMas promotion |1 |2 |3 |4 |5 | |B2. You think AgroMas Instant Coffee’s promotion are convincing |1 |2 |3 |4 |5 | |B3. You find AgroMas Instant Coffee ‘s promotion was interesting and |1 |2 |3 |4 |5 | |memorable | | | | | | |B4. You always satisfied with the taste of Agromas Instant Coffee |1 |2 |3 |4 |5 | |B5. You would recommend to someone else about Agromas Instant Coffee |1 |2 |3 |4 |5 | |B6. You never seen any AgroMas Instant Coffee commercial advertisement of |1 |2 |3 |4 |5 | |AgroMas Instant Coffee on the television | | | | | | |B7. You are now more likely to shop at AgroMas after the promotion advertised |1 |2 |3 |4 |5 | |B8. You would like to see any changes in AgroMas future promotion |1 |2 |3 |4 |5 | |B9. You think that AgroMas Instant Coffee are better than the others available in |1 |2 |3 |4 |5 | |the market | | | | | | Section C: Availability of Products For Question C1-C7, you should circle your best choice of answer according to the scale given. |Strongly Disagree |(2) Disagree |(3) Neither Disagree |(4) Agree |(5) Strongly | | | |Nor Agree | |Agree | |C1. The availability of AgroMas Instant Coffee are hard to find |1 |2 |3 |4 |5 | |C2. The shelf space allocation of AgroMas Instant Coffee are accessible |1 |2 |3 |4 |5 | |C3. You see many places sell AgroMas Instant Coffee |1 |2 |3 |4 |5 | |C4. You willing to switch currently brand preferences to AgroMas Instant Coffee |1 |2 |3 |4 |5 | |C5. The selling location of AgroMas Instant Coffee is located at high traffic area |1 |2 |3 |4 |5 | |C6. The store location choosen by FAMA usually convenience to consumer |1 |2 |3 |4 |5 | |C7. You think demand do not affect the availability of AgroMas Instant Coffee |1 |2 |3 |4 |5 | |C8. It is easy to repeat purchase of AgroMas Instant Coffee |1 |2 |3 |4 |5 | Section D: Sales Performance For Question D1-D8, you should circle your best choice of answer according to the scale given. |Strongly Disagree |(2) Disagree |(3) Neither Disagree |(4) Agree |(5) Strongly | | | |Nor Agree | |Agree | D1. You satisfied with the AgroMas Instant Coffee commercial advertisement |1 |2 |3 |4 |5 | |D2. You satisfied with the AgroMas product availability |1 |2 |3 |4 |5 | |D3. You satisfied with the AgroMas product quality |1 |2 |3 |4 |5 | |D4. You satisfied with the taste and preferences of AgroMas Instant Coffee |1 |2 |3 |4 |5 | |D5. You satisfied with the AgroMas Instant Coffee packaging |1 |2 |3 |4 |5 | |D6. You think that retailer play an important role in influencing the consumer |1 |2 |3 |4 |5 | |purchase | | | | | | |D7. You think that relationship of retailer and consumer are important in |1 |2 |3 |4 |5 | |influencing sales of AgroMas Instant Coffee | | | | | | |D8. The brand image of AgroMas Instant Coffee will tremendously influence |1 |2 |3 |4 |5 | |sales | | | | | | Thank You for your time! ———————– Availability of Products Poor Sales Performance Promotion Effectiveness DEPENDENT VARIABLE (DV) INDEPENDENT VARIABLE (IV) PERFORMANCE DETERMINANTS OF FAMA’S AGROMAS PRODUCTS IN SHAH ALAM Source: [pic][? ]3ertâ„ ¢Ã¢â‚¬ º?  ©Ã‚ ­A? COiioy†,-BCT^aO? A ¶Ã‚ ¬A? —A— „—wj`UHj`UHwj`Uh} ih’gOJQJ^J[? ]h} ih} iOJQJh} iOJQJ^J[? ]h} ih} iOJQJ^J[? ]h} ih2 eOJQJ^J[? ]h’Philip B. Schary, Boris W. Becker, 1993) Source: Jim Blythe, 1999) How to cite Agromas, Essay examples

Internet in our lives Essay Example For Students

Internet in our lives Essay A new day on Wall Street. The Internet is changing the way the brokerage industry does business. Today more and more investors are electing to trade via the Internet and avoid contact with a broker all together. Are the days of the large full service broker over or will there be a compromise between full service and self-direction? Has the rapid advancement in information technology helped the brokerage industry or hurt it? What role will IT have on the future of trading? Just a few years ago all trades were done by calling a brokerage and talking to a broker who usually tried to push some hot stock and charged you a large sum to purchase the shares you wanted. The 70’s gave way to a new era of discount brokers. The discount brokers provided the means to make trades at a significantly lower cost but at the expense of less informative and directed services. These discount firms utilized new computer technologies to process trades and opened up investment opportunities for many that would not have previously considered purchasing securities. With improved IT capabilities and the introduction of the Internet the discount brokers were able to open the door even further by reducing trading costs and developing user friendly platforms for investors. The Brokerage industry is one driven by quality customer service and high profits. Investors want to maximize there investments at a reduced cost but still receive the highest level of service and information available. In the past investors were restricted by the amount of control they had over their investments, brokers made recommendation, pushes, and did the actual purchasing. Today with the addition of the PC and online capabilities investors can choose what, where and when they invest. By utilizing online resources investors can perform the research and analysis that was once primarily done by brokers. This new technology is having a dramatic effect on the way brokerages operate. The once small discount broke rs are utilizing the Internet to take over a whole new market segment and the larger full service brokerage companies are rallying to add online services. This paper will explore these effects and how the industry is responding as well as address the questions raised in the opening. Selling securities via the Internet is easy and fast. Brokerage firms are offering their services on the Internet and this is reshaping the industry. Charles Schwab is one of these firms and it is dominating the online trading market. By seeing the potential the Internet offers and entering early Schwab has been able to revolutionize trading. According to a statement made by Schwab President and CEO David S Pottuck â€Å"Schwab and the securities markets experienced unprecedented volumes in January†¦ The investments we have made in capacity enabled our Web site to handle 1.2 billion hits during January, approximately double the October 1998 level†. It was also reported in a article by on Yaho o’s web page that Schwab â€Å"†¦ customers funneled 153,000 trades a day through its intent site in January, up 65% from 93,000 a day in the fourth quarter (ic1998). †¦ customers held a record $521 billion in assets†¦ Unlike Schwab Merrill Lynch has been the leader in the brokerage industry for many years. Until recently Merrill Lynch is has maintained its role as a full service provider without the addition of online trading. Although they have decided to enter the online trading segment they still want to maintain their high broker network and personal service. Merrill feels the Internet should be an extension of their services and not just a service in itself. They have elected to only offer online trading to a select few of their customers and charge commissions on a sliding scale. What does the future hold for the brokerage industry? According to many of the firms the future will consist of mainly low commission online trading with the availability of an experienced professional. this is evident by the moves that companies are making now. The industry is striving to develop detailed easy to use platforms for the individual investor while at the same time provide personal service when desired. The advancement of IT will enable brokers to spend less time dealing with the customer and more time researching the market and developing strategies for the individual investor to use. Some other key factors to be incorporated 1. Reduce cost for industry and investors 2. Increased number of investors 3. Increased number of trades 4. Increased information available 5. Improved response time to market indicators 6. Response to system failures and backups 7. Competitiveness of smaller companies .u2d27444ca65eb7202ddfea5b47e2533b , .u2d27444ca65eb7202ddfea5b47e2533b .postImageUrl , .u2d27444ca65eb7202ddfea5b47e2533b .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u2d27444ca65eb7202ddfea5b47e2533b , .u2d27444ca65eb7202ddfea5b47e2533b:hover , .u2d27444ca65eb7202ddfea5b47e2533b:visited , .u2d27444ca65eb7202ddfea5b47e2533b:active { border:0!important; } .u2d27444ca65eb7202ddfea5b47e2533b .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u2d27444ca65eb7202ddfea5b47e2533b { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u2d27444ca65eb7202ddfea5b47e2533b:active , .u2d27444ca65eb7202ddfea5b47e2533b:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u2d27444ca65eb7202ddfea5b47e2533b .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u2d27444ca65eb7202ddfea5b47e2533b .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u2d27444ca65eb7202ddfea5b47e2533b .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u2d27444ca65eb7202ddfea5b47e2533b .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u2d27444ca65eb7202ddfea5b47e2533b:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u2d27444ca65eb7202ddfea5b47e2533b .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u2d27444ca65eb7202ddfea5b47e2533b .u2d27444ca65eb7202ddfea5b47e2533b-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u2d27444ca65eb7202ddfea5b47e2533b:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The road not taken Essay

Spiritual Beauty free essay sample

This is a tough topic to discuss because I do not want women to become in bondage to their appearance nor do I want to encourage vanity of obsession. However, we must recognize that our appearance plays an integral role in our mates finding us. There are two categories of women which need attention. Women who are very beautiful and those like most of us who need assistance. I’ll first address the very beautiful women. Beautiful women can oftentimes have a more difficult time being approached by men because their attractiveness is intimidating. It is extremely hard for a man to muster up the courage to approach a woman at all. Keep in mind that Godly men are a little unsure of how to approach women anyway because all they may have known was carnal or worldly solicitations which may not be appropriate for a man of God. With all of this pressure lurking in the heart of a man, he may see a striking woman but is simply too afraid to be rejected. We will write a custom essay sample on Spiritual Beauty or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Beautiful women have to make an asserted effort to be approachable. Smile whenever possible. Don’t flirt. Smile. You don’t need to take the 100 yard dash to your car right after your church service. Although holding up the wall like a wall flower is not comely behavior for a woman, you can casually and comfortably leave church without wearing the banner, â€Å"I’m in a hurry so don’t think about speaking to me! † For the rest of the women who like myself, require makeup, regular visits to the hairdresser and proper clothing to down play the big hips (or legs, tummy or breasts), Esther is a great example of the importance of appearance. She spent an entire year, six months of odor and six months of perfume, preparing for her debut before the king. She committed this time to ensuring that her hair was just so and that her skin was clear and in tact. I imagine that there were things that Esther didn’t eat to assure that she didn’t have a blemish. She learned how to walk like a queen and how to look like a queen. Notice that Esther’s great wisdom and articulate speech would mean nothing when she first met the king. She had an entire year to prepare for one moment before the king. First impressions are lasting ones. Esther had to make her first meeting count. A whole generation of people were riding on Esther being chosen. If you are wondering if your appearance is that important, you’d have to ask Esther. Like Esther, your degrees, fine up bringing and great family means nothing if your king isn’t interested in engaging in a conversation with you. You have to look like a queen if you are trying to attract a king. Remember what I said earlier about sowing what you want to reap. If you are a bride in preparation, look the part. I am always conscience of the way that I carry myself. When I am at home, I can become quite lazy. I try not to allow myself to stay in sweatpants even when I am just relaxing at home. Any time that I am with my husband, I always make sure that I look good. I never go to church without make up or minimally business casual clothes. I find it to be a dishonor to Jesus and a dishonor to my husband. Oftentimes I notice single women who don’t make any real effort to present themselves well and I wonder if they are happy single or if they are praying a husband. Don’t neglect the importance of good hygiene, proper presentation. Someone is watching. Make sure they like what they see, you only have one chance to make a first impression.

Stop this Monster that Stops at Nothing Essays

Stop this Monster that Stops at Nothing Essays Stop this Monster that Stops at Nothing Paper Stop this Monster that Stops at Nothing Paper In 1 941, the American government NT created a poster to appeal to young working class Americans . It depicted two political leaders, Germanys Doll Hitler and Japans Hided Togo, from the Axis Alliance (a triumvirate of fascist political leaders from Germany, Italy and Japan), as a mutated conjoined moon steer. They are attacking the iconic Statue of Liberty and below, a golden spanner is shown, b earning the word Production on its side. Underneath the image, text declares: Stop this moons term that stops at nothing. PRODUCE to the limit! and in red writing, This is YOUR War! In the is poster, the U. S government used rhetorical and emotive language to evoke strong attitude sees from the audience towards the message given, with bias perspectives and written attach KS on the opposing sides to create a subjugated perspective for the American audience. This poster IS an example of their efforts of trying to recruit workers back into factories. In d ongoing so, the American government ha ve henceforth created a propaganda text that iconic once, and also reinforces the audiences, values and attitudes which is what a propaganda pop term is meant to do. As Hiram Johnson, US senator said in 1917, The first casualty in war is truth. The US government, as propagandists, have use rhetorical language within the e poster to evoke responses from the wartime American audience on an emotional level. Rhetorical language is one of the most powerful propaganda techniques as it resonates audiences with past experiences that reinforce or subvert their attitudes upon the idea given by a propaganda text. In this case the opposition, the Axis Alliance, are being name called, and babbled as a Monster. Along with the visual aesthetics of the supposed monster, it automat tactical creates a negative idea for the audience. It further more represents what attitudes were e developed of the two leaders pictured. Americas previous involvement in the Second World d War consisted of trading, and staying fairly neutral in international relations. It was not until they got bombed by the Japanese at Hawaiis pearl Harbor that they began to fight. They join d the Allies the opposition of the Axis solely with the motive of revenge against Japan. A America had already been economically damaged by the Great Depression, and the nation needed convincing to fight for their country once more. Posters such as these were re leased to scare citizens into helping for the war effort. In this case, a literal nightmare was use d as the face of the opposition. The audience will see this, be filled with disgust and want to b anis the Monster, and furthermore create connotations with deeper meanings relate Eng to their own personal context. This evokes responses on an emotional level for an audience CE as they feel like it is their duty to help. By using rhetorical language and reinforcing their a attitudes, wartime Americans would usually be attracted to this poster, and its meaning, which I s what a propaganda poster aims to accomplish. This poster, as with many other propaganda texts, present bias ideas upon the e messages that they are going for and against. A bias perspective is a onside presentation of a view or an opinion that strives in influencing the audience by intentionally only providing one side of the argument. This poster is a strong example of how the United States frequently used this technique, as in no way the motivation of any opposing forces presented. The poster is o stating to the audience that there is a monster that needs to be stopped. It d goes not mention the context of the attacking threat, or why they are attacking, so the audience are left uninformed and bewildered. Americans had not received enough information about the war to construct an opposing argument, biased posters were, as a result, one of thee r primary sources of information on the war. Audiences of this text will therefore see HTH s as the only argument, and only way to see, their countrys involvement in the war, abolish hint any further arguments that could be made against the higher powers of America and thee r strive into what needs to be done. Biased attitudes being cast upon an audience will result in I ace of understanding when it comes to events surrounding the message being pres ended. In this case, the minimal information provided will result in a misinterpretation of the e Second World War, as well as what is the productive method to defeat the enemy.

Animal Characteristics Used in A Doll’s House

Animal Characteristics Used in A Dolls House An Analysis of the Significance of Animal Characteristics Used in A Doll’s House Reflective Statement Discussion of A Doll’s House in class reach me deeply and implored new perspectives on traditional gender roles in different cultures such as Europe in the late 1800s. I relate to Henrik Ibsen’s humanist work as opposed to A Doll’s House being completely feminist. To say A Doll’s House is a feminist work would be redundant. Feminism is the fight for the equality of the sexes and Ibsen’s A Doll’s House explores this very theme. Being human is not confined to just being male or female but having characteristics that define an individual. Christine’s character is a prime example of escapism in the play and the other works we’ve studied have generally the same motif. In each culture, In this paper, an analysis will be done on Ibsen’s use of animal characteristics. Throughout the play, the characters Torval d and Nora call to each other and themselves various animals like â€Å"Lark† and â€Å"Squirrel†. On occasion, Ibsen’s A Doll’s House has been referred to as a feminist work and although themes of feminism are present, the overall effect Ibsen makes is a humanist perspective of the characters lives. The significance of animal characteristics shows a development in Nora’s character and introduces the type of man Torvald is. Ibsen also uses animal characteristics to reveal the deeper relationship between Nora and Torvald. Verbal irony is conveyed through the use of animal characteristics. The play opens with Nora coming upon the stage laden with Christmas gifts for the children, a horse and sword, trumpets and dolls and cradles. Although the items are tiny things, inexpensive and useless it conveys how much love Nora has. She carries also a little bag of macaroons that she hides when Torvald questions her about. The initial thought of Nora is she sp ends exuberant amounts of money and is rightfully called a spendthrift by Torvald. Nora’s character can be interpreted as charming and dishonest, always flitting, never resting, light-hearted, inconsequent airhead. The entrance of Christine’s character reveals Nora’s dark secret and her character no longer seems transparent. † Free. To be free, absolutely free. To spend time playing with the children. To have a clean, beautiful house, the way Torvald likes it.† Nora tells Christine that she will be â€Å"free† after she has paid off her debt to Krogstad. her anticipated freedom symbolizes her need to be independent of Torvald. Within that, Nora highlights the factors that constrain her. Although she claims that freedom will give her time to be a mother and a traditional wife that maintains a beautiful home as her husband likes it, she leaves her children and Torvald at the end of the play. One main theme of the play is that true freedom cannot be found in a traditional domestic lifestyle. Nora’s character develops intricately and her understanding of the word â€Å"free† is changes clearly. Nora becomes aware of the fact that she must change her life to find true freedom, and Nora recognizes that freedom includes independence from societal constraints and her ability to examine in depth her own personality, goals, and beliefs.The characteristics of a lark signify that Torvald believes that Nora is small compared to the his perspective. † That is like a woman!†¦you know what I think about that. No debt, no borrowing.† (Ibsen p. 2) To explore the relationship between Nora and all the other characters one must see that not only did Torvald treat women like children, he also treats lesser men in the workplace as expendable and replaceable. â€Å"But instead of Krogstad, you could dismiss some other clerk.†. He exerts his dominance over others, running over the thoughts and feelings of su rrounding humans. It’s a sweet little bird, but it gets through a terrible amount of money. You wouldn’t believe how much it costs a man when he’s got a little song-bird like you!† Nora express the conclusion she draws from the deep reality of their marriage her view of Torvald’s character at the end of Act Three. â€Å"I have existed merely to perform tricks for you, Torvald. But you wanted it like that. You and father have committed a great sin against me. It is your fault that I have made nothing of my life. Our home has been nothing but a playroom. I have been your doll-wife, just as at home I was papa’s doll-child; and here the children have been my dolls. I thought it great fun when you played with me, just as they thought it great fun when I played with them. That is what our marriage has been, Torvald.† She realizes her life has been a performance and she has acted the part of the happy, child-like wife for Torvald and for her father. Nora sees that her father and Torvald pressured her to behave a certain way and recognizes it to be â€Å"great wrong† that stifled her development as an adult and as a human being. She has made â€Å"nothing† of her life because she has existed only to please men. Following this realization, Nora leaves Torvald in order to make something of her life and becomes independent of other people. Nora has an underlining care for her husband because she reacts abruptly when Nils tries to blackmail her. She understands how important appearance is for Helmer but she resents the way he’s been treating her. â€Å"How painful and humiliating it would be for Torvald to know that he owed me anything! It would upset our mutual relations altogether.† (Ibsen p.9) â€Å"You don’t talk or think like the man I could bind myself to. When your first panic was over — not about what threatened me, but about what might happen to you — and when there was no more danger, then, as far as you were concerned, it was just as if nothing had happened at all. I was simply your little songbird, your doll, and from now on you would handle it more gently than ever because it was so delicate and fragile. At that moment, Torvald, I realized that for eight years I’d been living her with a strange man and that I’d borne him three children. Oh, I can’t bear to think of it — I could tear myself to little pieces!† Bibliography A Doll’s House Ibsen, Henrik. Global Classics, 1879.

Mythology Essay No. 2 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Mythology No. 2 - Essay Example Based on his genealogy, Theseus may be classified as a demigod. Aegeus, the King of Athens, unable to bear any children was later secretly married to Aethra and of this marriage, Theseus was born. Theseus was however raised by her mother and would later claim his birthright after going through various challenges and battles. Based on his actions, he may however be considered an epic or a journeying hero (Myths Encyclopedia â€Å"Go-Hi†). Epic or journeying heroes are heroes who are on quests and who go through various heroic battles and journeys. In fact, Greek mythology is riddled with heroes of this type, and Theseus is certainly one of them. He was on his way to claim his birthright when along the way he fought many battles; many of those he battled were actually considered ‘bad’ guys in the contemporary sense. He killed Sinis, the Pine Bender who tore his victims apart by tying them between two pine trees; he killed Sciron who had a habit of kicking his guests to sea while they were washing his feet; he also killed Cercyon, who was known for wrestling with strangers; and he battled many other foes on his way to Athens and these enemies were often known for their foul deeds towards other people (Britannica Encyclopedia â€Å"History and Society†). Theseus possessed many good points in his favor. First and foremost, in order to be a worthy king, or at the very least, a worthy heir to a kingdom, he knew that he had to prove himself worthy. He could have taken a safer route to Athens as advised by his grandfather Pittheus, however, he chose to use the more dangerous road (Godwin, p. 255). In the process, he left his mother’s and grandfather’s kingdom a boy, and he arrived in Athens a man. He gave himself enough battle experience and enough physical and mental cunning in order to claim his rightful place amidst the various threats and claims to his father’s throne. Upon

Communication essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Communication - Essay Example Consequently, one becomes alert to the fact that television viewing is a real addiction with dire consequences. Winn’s title, ‘Cookies or Heroin’ was definitely an effective strategy in grabbing the audience’s attention and propelling them to the end of the article. This strategy was perhaps the main strategy used in the text - comparison of television addiction to the worst type of drug addiction in history. Thus, Winn constantly reminded her audience of the adverse effects of television viewing. Conversely, the author of the video initially presented images to demonstrate that television viewing was an important part of family gathering. It was only half way through the slides that one realized that the author was being deliberately deceptive. The video began with a bombardment of images of families of all creed and races in front of a television watching mindlessly as individuals spoke nonsense over the tube. All the images merged to one main television where the main actor presented himself as a ‘preacher’ and pronounces that television viewing had taken over reading and every other godly activity known to man. The video ends with the ‘preacher’ giving life to his message by suggesting that we turn the television off in the midst of his sentence.

World’s Best Cup of Joe Essay Example for Free

World’s Best Cup of Joe Essay Many Americans start their day off with a morning cup of coffee. Some brew a pot at home but many add a few extra minutes to their morning commute to stop for a cup of their favorite flavor. With dozens of different coffee shops, how is one supposed to choose? The battle has been going on for over a decade between the two main contenders, Dunkin Donuts and Starbucks. Starbucks sells an upper class lifestyle to their coffee drinkers, while Dunkin Donuts sells a cup of joe for the average Joe. Each goes about advertising in a different manner. Through the use of print advertising, Starbucks shows its superiority to Dunkin Donuts by using powerful text, creating an aesthetic scene, and evoking specific emotions and thoughts. The text in each advertisement says something about the product and company. The Starbucks’ ad reads, â€Å"The best coffee for the best YOU. Taste of Inspiration.† The words are so simple yet have a powerful meaning. Starbucks makes the consumer feel good about buying their product because if you are the best, you deserve the best. After all, they are selling an upper class lifestyle. The best part of the ad is that the emphasis isn’t even on the coffee; it is on â€Å"you† as it is displayed in big, bold green lettering. By making â€Å"you† feel like the best, one is more inclined to spend money on products that make them feel like the best. The statement, â€Å"Taste of Inspiration†, adds another layer of sophistication to this ad. Those words are written in script unlike the other words, to add elegance to it. It’s as if with a single sip of Starbucks you will feel enlightened. Starbucks markets itself as not just a coffee shop bu t also a lifestyle, unlike Dunkin Donuts. Dunkin Donuts’ advertisement is all about the coffee. Dunkin Donuts’ ad reads, â€Å"There’s Coffee. Then There’s America’s Favorite Coffee.† DD gets to the point quickly; their ad comes right out and says they’re â€Å"America’s Favorite†. This statement seems somewhat presumptuous considering the amount of coffee shops all across America but also shows DD’s confidence in their product. They use America as a testimonial for their product. If it’s America’s favorite then they must have a great product. The text in advertisements is a major component but it would be nothing without the scene around it. It is important for advisers to create an advertisement that will make people take time out of their day to look at. The Starbucks’ ad is a blend of about 5 warm colors. It gives a welcoming feeling as if the coffee is from your own home. The main focus in the picture is a normal Starbucks cup in the foreground but everything in the scene is relevant. Although the background is blurred to allow the cup to be the attention getter, the background is still an important part. The background is the inside of a Starbucks, which can be determined by the blurred outlines of chairs and tables. Using a Starbucks as the scene is a great marketing strategy because now the consumer is only thinking Starbucks. The advertisement leaves no room for confusion; it is all Starbucks. With Starbucks on the brain and a beautiful scene, who could look away? The ad has caught the consumer’s eye and with the text as reinforcement, it does a great job advertising Starbucks. On the opposing side, Dunkin Donuts is more concerned with the actual coffee itself. The normal pink and orange lettering is displayed proudly on the standard cup of coffee. The cup is placed directly in front of your face. The text, mentioned above, isn’t the most important part of this advertisement. DD wants people to see the rich, black coffee in the cup. They want potential consumers to see the cup of coffee they could be getting if they choose to get DD. The text above the cup is only to reinforce the quality of it. Dunkin Donuts does a good job with product placement but is lacking character. The DD ad doesn’t add anything fun or relatable to it. Starbucks not only mentioned â€Å"you† the consumer, but rather centered the whole ad around â€Å"you†. The customer is very important to Starbucks. The DD advertisement has a more â€Å"take me or leave me† approach. It’s almost like, â€Å"Hey! We’re America’s favorite, why would you go anywhere else?† The text in the DD ad is almost arrogant. Starbucks textual portion was well thought out and works well to bring the ad together. When creating ads, advertisement companies choose every component specifically to create a precise feeling and thought in the potential consumer’s mind. The combination of colors and the text, in the Starbucks’ ad, make a person want to smile. Starbucks’ advertisement makes one feel warm and welcome. The contrast between the dark and the light colors creates a scene that people want to stop and look at. It’s welcoming to anyone, from teenagers to elderly citizens of any race. This advertisement’s demographic is anyone who drinks coffee, not just business people. Customers are meant to look at the ad and think, â€Å"I am the best, I deserve the best coffee.† The ad actually gives people self-confidence, in that, they promise to provide the best coffee to you because you are, in fact the best. In contrast, Dunkin Donuts’ advertisement makes a statement about their reputation. They are less concerned with the consumer’s self-confidence but rather more concerned with giving the consumer a reason to choose them. They proudly state that they are America’s favorite, what more does a consumer need? No one is going to take a poll of everyone in America to confirm this statement; so instead, customers are left to rely on the information DD has provided. Dunkin Donuts’ advertisement leaves room to be challenged by expert coffee drinkers. The only way customers can prove the statement right or wrong is by going in and tasting a cup for themselves. Once they have purchased a cup, whether they agree or disagree, DD has won. The ad was meant to make a sale and it has done just that. In conclusion, both ads approached their print advertisements in a different way. Starbucks’ text shows that they are focused on the customer and not themselves unlike DD. The scene Starbucks shows is more aesthetically pleasing to consumers. Lastly the thoughts and emotions evoked from the Starbucks’ ad have more impact on potential customers.

Overpopulation, Overcrowding, Poverty and Conflict Essay -- Explorator

Overpopulation, Overcrowding, Poverty and Conflict At present, there are 6.5 billion people in the world and the number continues to multiply. In contrast, there are only a limited number of natural resources. On a global basis, the human population has shown a J-shaped pattern of growth over the past two thousand years, while the availability of natural resources mandatory for human survival is in slow decline. The implications of this are not limited to mass starvation, poverty and overcrowding of poorly sanitized cities. In fact, the current stress created by the imbalance between a burgeoning population and a finite number of resources are also one of the main factors contributing to the rise of violent inter-group conflict. Clearly, something must change in order to insure our own survival and the survival of our planet. Unfortunately, human nature adopted its current manufacture and consumption habits during a time when the balance between the number of humans and their available resources was not nearly as stressed. The world’s population early in the agricultural revolution (about 8,000 BC) was probably no more than 10 million. (Southwick 159) In addition, the number of natural resources available for human use was much greater. Thus, humans are continuing to live as though there were an unlimited amount of natural resources, setting themselves up for dire consequences in the future. According to a contemporary anthropologist and writer, â€Å"Most ecologists consider human population growth to be one of the greatest problems in global ecology and a major driving force of environmental degradation. They see excessive consumption as an equally important cause of pollution and environmental deterioration.... ...ver before. If we can maximize this connection by adopting policy compatible with those ecological and demographic areas it might affect, than we might work together to solve the greatest crisis that we will ever encounter.    Sources: Dolan, Edwin G., Ch. 5 from "TANSTAAFL: The Economic Strategy for Environmental Crisis" 1974, pp. 55-72. Ehrlich, Paul R., "Ch.11: Gods, Dive-Bombers, and Bureaucracy" in Human Natures: Genes Cultures, and the Human Prospect, Island Press, 2000. Homer-Dixon, Thomas. Article in Klare, Michael T. and Ghandrani, Yogesh; World Security: Challenges for a New Century. Bedford/ St. Martin’s. NY. 1998. Miller, GT. 1992. Living in the Environment: An introduction to Environmental Science. Belmont, CA: Wordsworth. Southwick, Charles H., Ch. 15 from "Global Ecology in Human Perspective" Oxford Univ. Press, 1996, pp. 159-182.

Minsk: Towns are like people

Towns are like people. Some are rich and influential from their conception; others need to acquire such qualities over centuries. Minsk is an example of the latter though founded as a border fortification in the Polatsk Principality, over its millennial history Minsk has managed to be the predominant centre of power in an appanage, capital of a province and at long last the capital of an independent nation counting 10 million people. Well, as Minsk is more that 900 years, it is quite enough to speak about its antiquity. But unfortunately almost all traces of old times are lost. There are practically no ancient buildings in Minsk, but the hero-city tries to keep memory about its past. And nowadays numerous names of the streets and squares, churches remind us not about the stormy past of Minsk, but of our country. And the first place that is worth visiting is the Red Church (the church of St. Simeon and Helen). It was built in the early 20th c. under the sponsorship of the Vaynilovich family (a Slutsk judge, landowner Vaynilovich and his wife Olyrnia) who donated all their money to commemorate their children Simon and Helen who died unexpectedly of an unknown disease. Their names are given to 2 small towers, white the big one as the symbol of eternally mourning parents. The church is mainly decorated in Roman style with its majestic forms, balance, quiet strength though some details of Gothic style could also be seen. The sculptural composition of Archangel Michael who kills a winged dragon symbolizes the victory of the divine army over the forces of darkness. Nowadays, the red church building, which has already served as Belarusian SSR's National Polisk Theatre, a film studio and a cinema, has since 1990 been returned to believers, but it serves not only a religious purpose. Concerts of organ music, religious music concerts of world-famous composers are held here, one-actor theatre performances are staged and sketches are played. The Church of the Holy Trinity and St Roch on Golden Hill is another attraction. Golden Hill is the old name for this region of the town. Maybe for the wonderful golden decoration of trees, maybe for that as the legend says â€Å"the citizens collected the golden coins for the church building, this region was called Golden Hill. The church was dedicated to St. Roch, who was noted pilgrim a healer, invoked for his miraculous powers against the plague and cholera. The church is a monument f neogothic architecture. The interior of the church was of timber painted to resemble marble. On the High Altar stood a wooden statue of the Madonna and Child and a represent of the Holy Trinity. The church was restored in 1983 and given over to the nearly State Philharmonic as a small concert chamber on account of its excellent acoustics. You can't but visit St Alexander Nevski Ghurch which was built in memory of Belarusian soldiers who perished in the Russian-Turkish conflict of 1877-78 and carries a miraculous story. In June 1941 a bomb managed to pierce the church dome and fall in front of the altar without exploding. Later it was one of only two active churches in Minsk. Both of the nations celebrated poets Y. Kupala and Y. Kolas, as well as various masters of art, culture and science in Belarus, are buried in the Military cemetery alongside the soldiers who laid their lives to free Minsk from the Fascists. Even the name of the next place to see reflects the historic past of the country. That is Victory Square. The obelisk of Victory commemorates the deaths of soldiers, partisans, and all the inhabitants of Belarus killed in the struggle with fascism during WWII. Its height is 38 m. It is covered by grey granite. It is topped by the Order of Victory which is decorated by multi-coloured smelt. The Eternal Flame was inflamed on the 3 d of July in 1961 and bright scarlet flowers seem to bum together with the flame till late autumn. Well, I suppose that nobody can resist the temptation of visiting one of the chief glories of Minsk – Trinity Suburb. It is a tangle of narrow streets lined with a fascinating array of little craft and curio shops. Delightful small houses seem to whisper their secrets to each other across the cobbled way. Here you have a feeling of coming back into the 18th c. Suburb is renowned for its historic buildings. You can enjoy the view of the Holy Spirit Cathedral and the church of St. Paul and Peter also can be seen here. Not far from these sacred places, on a bend in the river Svisloch there is a humpback bridge leading to the Isle of Tears, the monument to the sons of Fatherland who died beyond its borders. The monument is designed in the shape of a temple. It stands on 16 piles which go deep into swampy soil. In the centre of the monument there are figures of mourning mothers, who personify Belarusian women crying over their dead sons. Some of them hold icons in their hands, others – portraits of their sons. Mothers, standing at the front, hold lamps which symbolize the warmth of home health. Inside there are altars with the inscribed names of 771 dead soldiers. In the middle of the monuments there is the sacred Place where the Bells of Memory are ringing. Weeping willows bend over the water. So you see, there are a lot of sights in Minsk that are connected with the history of Belarus. Their beauty and their historical heritage attract thousands of tourists from all over the world and make Minsk and amazing place, which is really worth seeing.

Path of the Stars Essay

The song â€Å"Stars† from the musicale Les Miserables is sung by Inspector Javert near the end of Act I when he realized that it was Jean Valjean whom he had helped escape from the group of Thenardier. Inspector Javert is a rather curious character. A good characterization of him is well laid-out in the novel. However, in the musicale version, only snippets of Javert’s personality can be gleamed when observed carefully. â€Å"Stars† may not be one of the internationally renowned songs from musicale like â€Å"I Dreamed a Dream† and â€Å"On My Own†, but it offers a good insight into the way Inspector Javert sees himself as a law-enforcement agent, law-breakers like Jean Valjean, and his obsession, bordering on madness, in the pursuit of law-breakers, especially Jean Valjean, to face justice. Javert’s sees himself as one of the stars, â€Å"filling the darkness with order and light †¦sentinels, silent and sure, keeping watch in the night. † He sees himself as an unobtrusive individual in society keeping the order and standing as a vanguard of peace always on the watch. He is always there to maintain the peace in society. He believes that each of us, like the stars, knows his proper place and function in society and those who stray from their fixed and sure paths, law-breakers and fugitives, â€Å"must pay the price† and face justice. Law-breakers are stars that have lost their way, men who have deviated from their roles in society. They flee in the dark for they are out of graces in the eyes of God, according to Javert. As a sacred duty, Javert has taken it into himself, swearing by the stars, that he would not rest until these fugitives are brought to face justice. This duty is his role in society; his course and aim in the skies as one of the stars, â€Å"and so it must be, for so it is written. † If we follow Javert’s philosophy that all men in society are but stars with fixed path in the skies and those stars that fall from their paths â€Å"fall in flame,† this same philosophy gives us an idea of how hard Javert could be even to himself. If and when Javert, as a star in the sky, deviates from his fixed path he, as well, must pay the price. This insight into the thinking of Javert’s gives as a dark foreboding of what may happen in case he fails in his pursuit of Jean Valjean (as the case would be in Act II). Javert may not be one of the most amiable characters in the musicale Les Miserables but he gives us a good picture of a segment of our society today. People who tend to be fanatical and rigid in their views are epitomized by Javert. I am not a good authority to pass judgment on people like Javert. To some extents I agree with Javert that each of us has a role in society and when we falter we should pay the consequences. But I do not agree in the rigid application of justice as espoused by Javert. I believe that when a person commits a wrong we must temper our judgment by hearing out the reasons of the offender, assuming good-naturedly that he committed such offense unintentionally. I believe in justice with compassion. Justice, after all, has always been depicted as a lady blindfolded so that she may hear and weight with her heart the arguments laid before her.

How the Treaty of Versailles Effected Germany Essays - Free Essays

How the Treaty of Versailles Effected Germany Essays - Free Essays How the Treaty of Versailles Effected Germany History How the Treaty of Versailles Effected Germany Wen World War I ended on November 11, 1918, peace talks went on for months due to the Allied leaders wanting to punish the enemy and dividing the spoils of war. A formal agreement to end the war was made and called the Treaty of Versailles. The issue that took the most time were the territorial issues because the empires of Russia, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman, and Germany had collapsed. These fallen empires had to be divided up and Americas President Woodrow Wilson, Georges Clemenceau of France, Vittorio Orlando of Italy, and David Lloyd George of Great Britain, were the main deciders of this deal. During 1918, Russia was knocked out of the war due to military defeats and the Bolshevik Revolution. Even though Russia had not been part of the Central Powers, Germany seized much of western Russia. After many months of arguing, the four men had made western Russia into the nations of Finland, Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, and Poland. The Treaty of Versailles was either a treaty of peace or a vengeance for the Germans. In April of 1919, Germany was previously captured and made to wait in a small house that was surrounded with barbed wire. The Allied, who captured Germany, wanted to make a peace treaty to end the fighting. The Germans agreed, but they wanted a treaty that was based on the Fourteen Points but obviously they were not going to get it because of the way they were treated; the barbed wire was unnecessary and should have tipped them off to what lay ahead. When the treaty was first introduced to the Germans, they declined to sign it. It forced the Germans to accept full responsibility for the war and strip themselves of its colonies, coal fields, and the provinces of Alsace and Lorraine. It also made them pay outrageous reparations to the Allies. Nevertheless, on June 28, 1919, the Germans reluctantly signed the treaty because the Allies refused to change one word. Out of the $33 billion dollars the Germans had to pay for damages, the country was only able to pay $4.5 billion of it. The terms of the Treaty of Versailles helped set the stage for another world war less than 20 years later because the Allied wanted to stop Germany from ever becoming imperialistic again and still have them pay the war reparations. Germany opposed these actions and was the most effected by the terms of the Versailles Treaty. Germany got the blunt end of the war and was desperate to find a new leader to get out of their depression. That leader was Adolf Hitler. World War I was won by the Allied in which a formal agreement was made called the Versailles Treaty. It both brought peace and war in the coming years. Due to the harsh life styles it forced Germany to live, World War II broke out within twenty years time from the treaty.

Explanation of Richard Dyers Model for Analyzing Star Image Essay

Explanation of Richard Dyers Model for Analyzing Star Image - Essay Example Dyer explains that stars are images and not actual people. As images, every star should represent a particular ideology. The success of a star arises from his ability to represent such ideologies both consistently and effectively. This way, the audience develops a unique perception of the star a feature that influences their consumption of successive films starring every star (Being & Rutsky, 2001). A star must, therefore, represent particular social values. Successful stars make successful films. However, the success in this context originates from the ability of a director to use a specific star effectively in a manner that makes him or her represent the various social values the audience anticipates from them. Additionally, Dyer explains that the media creates a star out of several materials including adverts, films, magazines and even music videos among others. In order to create a star, all the above media content must present the star in a similar manner thus making such stars represent consistent ideologies. Institutions create celebrities and icons for financial gains. This implies that celebrities sell specific ideological dimensions to their target audience thus earning financial gains for the developers (Allen & Gomery, 1985). People pay billions of dollars to watch films for various reasons key among which is the character staring in a film. Audiences develop divergent views and mindsets about a star. They, therefore, watch a film while investigating the portrayal of the particular star. Such explanations validate the star theory, which defines stars in four key points. The theory explains that stars have capital value, are deviant, constructs and have cultural values. Stars break rules in the society a feature that enhances their ideologies as presented in the films.

The Value of Work Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Value of Work - Essay Example I view hard work as a means to an end and it could be the only means available to everybody, rich or poor, young or old, educated or not. Coming from a Chinese descent, I had my own share of the difficulties in life. I have seen how my parents worked hard only to make sure that I will be able to go to college and finish my studies. They dreamed of keeping us out from poverty so that they did not just share their beliefs about working hard but they also worked hard to show the meaning of their words. China is known to be a country that has survived many difficulties through hard work and this somehow molded the perspective of the Chinese people regarding work and wealth. Wealth and success is always directly proportionate to hard work, that is, if we are speaking of honest gain alone. The Chinese are well-known for their thriftiness, that most are able to succeed financially, slowly but surely. Therefore, although it has not always been directly taught to us the value of money, it see med to have always been in our blood, our culture. The thriftiness of the Chinese is not a picture of stinginess rather of value, and the appreciation of its value and source. Money is not supposed to be wasted easily because it is not earned easily. It takes a lot of hard work to gain money so every drop of sweat is to be remembered when spending time comes. I may not understand fully well the reaction of the man being shocked by his stepson handing him some coins simply â€Å"because he did not like them jangling in his pocket† (Updike) but I guess I have a glimpse of the difficulties he has been through that he valued every cent as we, Chinese do. Cultural background largely affects my beliefs about work and is compounded by my observations, religion and educational background, both formal and informal. In our country, a lot of people work in the fields and farming is indeed difficult according to my observance because farmers usually work under the sun and even under the rain. Their jobs are not like those of low-paid employees like janitors, waiters, plumbers or carpenters who also have difficult jobs but are always under the protection of a roof when the sun is up or the rain is pouring hard. I can just imagine the sacrifice farmers spend in doing their responsibilities in order to live a decent life even if the financial value of their hard work is not much. Still, I respect them. I do not just equate work with financial success but I also look at its qualitative value. Some people may look down on people who earn low salaries but for me, I look up to them because they earn their bread decently. It is said that learning starts at home and family members are the first teachers. This is very true. I had my first education on work when my parents taught me to save in a piggy bank. Since both my parents are working, they did not have much time to spend with me. Therefore, in their little time that they are able to talk with me, they always tell me to save money because it is difficult to earn it. They also encouraged me to always behave and obey their instructions and as long as I do so, they give me extra coins to put in my bank. This developed me to discipline myself to obey and behave. I believe this has a very strong effect on my perspectives now about work. Although I did not earn money by sweeping the floor, wiping the table or washing the dishes, I was able to earn because of discipline. I consider it a

Biology introduction assignment Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Biology introduction assignment - Research Paper Example These species are found in Ontario, Canada. Under the Species at Risk Legislation of Ontario, the Northern map and the Snapping turtles are species of Special Concern while the Blanding’s and the Musk turtles are threatened. The greatest risk for these species is being run over on roads and highways. Typically, turtles look for loose, sandy soils to lay their eggs in. But because exposed soil may be difficult to find in natural habitats, turtles are attracted to the artificially-created potential nesting sites such as shoulders of roads, railroad embankments, gravel drives and earthen dams. While they get to and from such locations, the turtles become vulnerable to both vehicular traffic and predators. Genomes evolve as a result of continuous accumulation of mutations. This means that the amount of variation in nucleotide sequences in genomes indicates how recently those genomes have shared a common ancestor. If two genomes have diverged recently in the past, it is expected that they would have much fewer differences in their nucleotide sequences than two genomes whose mutual ancestor is more ancient (Tanaka & Aranishi 2013). Thus, by comparing several genomes, it is possible to figure out their evolutionary relationships. In most of the studies that use molecular markers, the predominant classes are mitochondrial DNA and microsatellite nuclear DNA. Mitochondrial DNA has an important advantage in all phylogenetic research because it is inherited from the maternal line (Chung 2013). This fact facilitates the monitoring of its transmission along the different phases, starting in the early evolution. Another advantage is that Mitochondrial DNA has a high level of variability and a hi gh rate of mutation, compared with the nuclear DNA ( Rubinoff and Holland 2005), in spite of the fact that it does not encode the information for the synthesis of many proteins. This fact makes it ideal for the

Using Calculus in curves for bridges, tunnels, and more (engineering) Research Paper

Using Calculus in curves for bridges, tunnels, and more (engineering) - Research Paper Example examine the role of calculus in physics at large and specifically determination of the use of calculus in the development of bridges, tunnels as well as curves. There is high level of integration of calculus within the entire discipline of physical sciences. (Charles, R. I. 2005)This can be found in both physics as a physical science and biology as a physical science. One can also be able to find calculus in statistics and all the disciplines that relate to it, engineering and its entire spectrum, in economics, business as well as in medicine. Other areas that has witnessed the exploitation of the use of calculus include modern development. By modern development, it is important to appreciate that areas such as architecture rely extensively in the use of calculus. Another are of modern development is the field of aviation. In this area, calculus are used extensively as this paper will try to reveal in the subsequent pages. From this end, the study shall examine specific areas and also try to elaborate the importance of the use of calculus in those particular areas. The first most important area where calculus has been extensively used is â€Å"finding the slope of a curve†. There is a generalized method that can always be used to find a slope of a curve. Usually, this require particular formula of operation. Calculus can always provide a tried and tested formula for this with almost absolute accuracy. The nature of the slope is that it is always fairly elementary. By the use of some algebraic formulas, this can always be determined without any problem. To find the steepness of such a slope, there is a need to utilize calculus in determining such slope. Finding the steepness of a slope can be important in a lot more areas of the study. For example, in civil engineering, construction of roads and bridges will rely on the ability of the engineers to calculate the steepness of a given place. This would enable them determine what actions need to be taken on

The Value Of Marks And Spencers

The Value Of Marks And Spencers Marks and Spencer the giant in UKs high street history started its journey in 1884 which leads the retailers in Uk who has the number of visiting customers over 21 million per week with over 70,000 employees working in around 900 stores all over the world with 600 stores in uk and above 300 in over 40 countries ( Marks and Spencer , 2010) since the origination of marks and spencers had grown as a global retailer and increased its strength to strength by increasing the stores all over , and getting closer to the customers , since 1920, Marks and Spencers has bought its goods directly through the manufacturer using the trademark name as StMichael and became a public company in 1926 with its first store opening in 1930 in London , from then the organisation has grown step by step fulfilling the needs of public, From then MS has become the Brittans leading organisation providing wide range of products and services to the customers worldwide. Marks Spencers has wide range of products li ke clothing,footwear,gifts,bakery,houseappliances,electricals etc.Where 17% of the clothing market in Uk is in hold of Marks and Spencers .Softgoods such as clothing and household appliances account about 58% of the companys sales and almost 42% of the sales come from Food and Wine .The reputation of marks and spencers increased day by day due to its customer friendly techniques.The goods that are sold by marks spencers have excellent value and quality which increased the reputation and brand value which made Marks and Spencers as the best retailer in Uk. The headoffice of Marks and Spencers is located in Paddington station, London, UK. The Marks and Spencers store that is located in Marble Arch, London holds the Guinness record for having the highest revenue per square foot considering any stores all over the world. Britain called as home of shopkeepers and for sure Marks and Spencer can be called as the leader of the shop keepers in UK. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: This research is aimed to show how Marks and Spencers could be by 2030, and what are the strategies Marks and Spencers need to follow to attain a sustainable position in the market and the ways it need to save its reputation , and the role of Human recourses Management for the sustainable growth . This researchs objective is to interlink the role of HRM and Scenario Planning on Marks and Spencers and show the picture how Marks and Spencers would grow when both scenario planning and HRM work effectively, and even to show the other side of Marks and Spencers by 2030 when the management doesnt have a specific strategy with a normal team of HRM. This research even shows how marks and Spencers can increase its range in different business fields in different countries, and how it can be the leading shopkeeper in the world by 2030. LITERATURE REVIEW: Scenario planning is defined by many authors in different ways, Ringland defined scenario planning as the part of strategy planning that relates to tools and technologies for managing the uncertainties of the future (Ringland, 1998) Scenario planning is defined by Schwartz as tool for ordering ones perceptions about alternative future environments in which ones decision might be played out- (Schwartz,1991). According to shoemaker (1995), scenario planning is a disciplined process for imaging good future in which organisations outcome is calculated. Scenario planning for the years has been proven that the technique to overcome the uncertainties and identifying the critical future and investing the loop holes in the organisation-(Kahane, 1999). The changes in the environment and the financial crisis may lead to degrade the market situation. Fleming believes that this type of situation cannot be overcome easily and the public policy should concentrate on transformation of the political economy- (David Fleming, 2001). According to Deming, a change is necessary when the economy is in a down-hill-slide and he even argued that we can elevate our economy with specialized services and products. This change will require knowledge .in other words, our problem is education and development of a culture that puts value on learning (Deming, 1994). According to Edgar da Cruz Souto Gomes, modern companies pay attention towards their human resources. The one who is able to enable them, coordinate them and take in to their expectations are able to gain market share. According to Thompson the main aim behind PEST analysis is generally economic conditions affect both on cost and demand even they effect on the success and profits-(Thompson, 2002) In an organisation such as Marks and Spencers training for the employees should be carried out in a highly specific way in such a situation the role of HRM is crucial. The designed programmes for the employees should be in such a way that it should satisfy both the organisation and the employees. According to McGhee and Thayer in 1961trainingmust be identified and performing different level of analysis such as organizational, operational and individual analysis. In training needs analysis (TNA) method and technique are often used in the journals by the authors such as Chiu, et al, 1999, Ford, 2002. According to R.R.Yeleti manager in Marks and Spencer the Human Resources was well established and the way it approaches is simple as the role of line manager to customer service assistant is to improve the quality of Marks and Spencer. And for the growth of the organisation Marks and Spencer need to follow SMART. In general SMART is used as the goal setting tool for the organisation. And R.R.Yeleti also discussed about Plan-Do-Review-Revise which is being followed by the organisation. According to him it is a tool that can be used in many ways and in many situations for setting a plan for the implementation of project and process of simplifying the problems. RESEARCH QUESTIONS: 1) What are the scenarios that Marks and Spencer need to follow by 2030 to attain a sustainable position? 2) What is the role of HRM in Marks and Spencer for the growth of the organisation by 2030? SMART: the goal setting tool for Marks and Spencer. Goal setting of Marks and Spencer is achievable only when they had the vision. The research analyses the need for developing its HR team by 2030 and developing some strategies for overcoming the competition which they are facing now and the need for changing its brand value which willt be goals for the organisation. Some areas where Marks and Spencer need to consider before setting the goals FROM THE MARKS AND SPENCER PRESPECTIVE: Explore what you need to set as target through the heart of Marks and Spencer keeping in mind the trusted customer base. How to function the leadership? The line managers and senior managers should have discussions on the needs that they are to be achieved? Need to maintain the database regarding the feedback from the customers and even from the staff regarding the performance measurement. Direct and indirect feedback within Marks and Spencer What is the best way to demonstrate and add value to the organisation? PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS WITHIN MARKS AND SPENCER Considering the past feedback from colleagues and other databases which will give a chance to look the future. Marks and Spencer need to review on own strengths and areas of development. Marks and Spencer need to finalise the results for various questionnaires and what does the results show? What feedback did Marks and Spenser receive from its suppliers regarding its retail business and what are the ways it can develop. PLAN TO ACHIEVE THE TARGETS: Considering the targets and after setting new goals then Marks and Spencer need to put up a plan together by the management. I recommend the following goal setting plans in this research. Make a detailed Plan: For achieving the goal the process should not slip or advance from the time limit. Marks and Spencer should tell its customers only when they are sure that they can help to achieve the goal. Dead Line: Marks and Spenser should have a dead line to track the status for example if they had a goal of opening 100 new stores all over the world they should have a dead line for achieving that, the dead line should particularly specify the year when Marks and Spencer are going to achieve the target so that they will be able to track the path they are in. Visualise the goal: Marks and Spencer should visualise the goal as if they are creating the future history. Marks and Spencer should be able to feel the change they are going to show in the future to the public so that the target can be achieved easily. Marks and Spenser should be able to feel and sense the taste, smell and should be able to experience the outcome. Direct / Indirect support: Marks and Spencer should be able to keep a note of people or groups who could support Marks and Spencer to achieve the goal. What does the supporter need from the organisation to support Marks and Spencer? The supporters might be supporting the organisation directly or indirectly. And the organisation should be able to help the supporters which will indirectly help Marks and Spencer. Overcoming Obstacles: Even they follow the actions according to fixed targets and goals they may have some obstacles such as political and economical issues. To overcome such obstacles Marks and Spencer should be able to face with a never give up attitude which will make the organisations dreams come true PLANS DO REVIEW REVISE IMPROVE (PDRRI): The plan do review revise improve is generally opted by the organisations for the continuous development. Marks and Spencers can use this tool in creating a path to fulfil the goals. Planning a project by Marks and Spencer Reviewing the effectiveness during the implementation and completion Revising the adopted changes Making changes to improve The success of the assigned goal of Marks and Spencer come true only when the staff feel responsible for the implementation with a plan , making use of the direct and indirect help from the stake holders in all stages to improve the quality. PLAN: Marks and Spencers should be clear about the plan DO: Implementing the strategic planning for carrying out the plan REVIEW: Marks and Spencer should be able to draw the conclusion from the implementation of strategic planning IMPROVE: How can Marks and Spencer improve? Improving the assigned plans for the better outcome. A goal without any specific plan just remains as goal .Marks and Spencer has vision , intentions, ideas, dreams which will make the goals come true by 2030 if they are SMART. SMART is in general Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic and Time bound. SPECIFIC: A specific goal has a much difference when compared to a general goal, a general goal for Marks and Spencer would be internalization. A specific goal would be different from internalization and the specific goal would say setting up a team to calculate the business levels in particular countries where the business is planned. MEASURABLE: Marks and Spencer need to concentrate on measuring the progress towards attaining the goal , Marks and Spencer need to measure the progress, whether they are on track, and reaching the target dates, and experience the effort to reach the organisations goal, and asking questions themselves such as how much? How many? ACHIEVABLE: It is important to Marks and Spencer to ensure that the goal they set is achievable not impossible. It would be a wrong assumption if they set a goal to attain profits of 50% in a recession which is impossible .instead they can have achievable goals such as market segmentation expanding the market opening new stores and being a tough competitor to its competitors. REALISTIC: Marks and Spencer should be realistic in the goal they choose and they should be able to represent their goal in highly realistic way that it is achievable and they would be only one who can decide whether the goal they set is high, realistic and achievable. TIME BOUND: Marks and Spencer goals should be grounded within a time frame. With no time frame there is no sense of urgency. If Marks and Spencer has a goal of opening 100 new stores, when do Marks and Spenser want to open new stores by? In next 10 years wont work. But if you have a time frame that is by 2030. Then it is clear that Marks and Spencer set a clear time bound which will start to work on the goal. S W O T ANALYSIS: SWOT analysis shows the internal business in terms of strengths and weakness of an organisation, opportunities and threats of the external business. SWOT analysis is meant to spark the strategic ray and to calculate the facts and figures which help for the strategic planning (Mintzberg 1994).This research shows the SWOT analysis of the Marks and Spencers to analyze the current situation and to implement the strategies to give a tough competition to its competitors by 2030. STRENGTHS: Marks and Spencer has many strengths but this research focuses mainly on the brand value of the organisation and wide range of products and different outlets which help to grow the business and the range it delivered to the public. High recognition of the brand: Marks and Spencers is the giant of the UKs high street is known by everyone in the market for the quality it is providing in the past years. The brand value is high as the customers who go to the high street prefer to go to Marks and Spencers as they can finish the whole shopping in a go. Wide variety of products: Marks and Spencers had a variety of products in every store which helps the customers to choose the best, for example if we take vegetables , Marks and Spencers began to sell the vegetables and fruits over 40 years ago, they started selling fruits and vegetables such as Canary tomatoes , avocados and English apples , carrots . and Marks and spencers always relied on the farmers with good relationship from where they are able to increase the variety of products. Back in 1970s Marks and Spencers persuaded small growers of strawberries to drive their crop straight to local marks and Spencers stores. To find the perfect taste of the customers Marks and Spencers spend more than three years on testing and tasting the strawberries before launching marks and Spencers jubilee Strawberry in summer 2003. At the moment Marks and Spencers has more than 1200 suppliers with over 400 different varieties, as well as 500 different types of pre prepared fruits, vegetables and salads.( Marks and Spencer 2010) Where the other super markets fail to produce wide variety of products , which indirectly helps Marks and Spencers . Large number of stores and outlets: Marks and Spencer the giant in the uks high street history has about 900 stores all over the world with 600 stores in the Uk and above 300 in over 40 countries (Marks and Spencer, 2010). The numbers clearly say that large number of stores and outlets make the business wider and the sales even increase due to the wide range of products that Marks and Spencer has. If the stores and outlets increases the strength of Marks and Spencer goes high day by day, as it can be available to all the commodities of the people for reasonable cost and good quality. Popular designer brands: Marks and Spencer has wide range of brands which really help the organisation. For example mens wear has wide range of brands such as autograph, Bigtall, Blue harbour, Collezione, North coast etc (Marks and Spencer, 2010). Coming to women brands Marks and Spencer has different brands such as Autograph, Classic, Indigo collection, Limited collection, Per Una, Portfolio, etc( marks and Spencer 2010). Due to the wide range of brands the business of the organisation goes strength by strength WEAKNESS: Marks and Spencer even had some weakness as the other organisations had; this research mainly focuses on weaknesses of Marks and Spencer and the strategies the organisation need to follow to overcome the situation. Bad publicity as non trendy store: Marks and Spencer has a draw back in the market as the organisation is out fashioned and non trendy. Even though Marks and Spencer has wide range of products and different brands the general people has a wrong assumption that mens wear and womens wear are only for the aged people not for the teenagers and young people. These wrong assumptions are making the business low. The management should develop new strategies to focus on the sales for the young people. Even the management failed in the past years to attract the new customers, the people who had trust on Marks and Spencer from the past years still shop but the new generations are not at all interested. Some people say that Marks and Spencer is a shop for sixties and seventies but not for twenties and thirties. To overcome this management of Marks and Spencers need to come with a new strategy to attract all the age limits not losing its reputation with the present followers and they even need to develop a strategy to overcome from the bad publicity and to give great competition to its competitors such as Primark, Next, River island, oasis, Oxygen, New look, HM etc. Manual working increases the costs: Marks and Spencers had a backdrop of following old techniques rather than following the new techniques which increase the different aspects such as money, time etc. But in general the big organisations are keeping a focus on the new technologies for the efficiency of the work done. Now a days the organisations are preferring for both mechanized and automated material handling alternatives for various types of logistic operations. Most of these technologies help to increase the productivity in less span of time but the main drawback of Marks and Spencer is not utilising the technology for effective use the manual work increases the cost and reduces the work efficiency it is recommended to Marks and Spencer to use the new techniques instead of increasing the manual hours and manual costs for trading. Its just matter of time and planning to overcome this obstacle. There is no doubt that manual working increases cost. OPPORTUNITIES: INTERNALIZATION-increasing the global presence: Marks and Spencer was stabilized in UK and even it started number of stores all over the world in the 1940s.the company started trading most of its services using St.Michael brands. Using St.Michael brand the company started exported about $1,146,000 worth of merchandise. Marks and Spencers early internalisation was mostly due to domestic factors. After some dramatic changes it is clear that the expansion of the market have to come from the overseas. Labour party members were suggesting nationalising for the leading domestic retailers ( De Nardicole 1998). Internationalization was therefore seen as a tool that diverts everything from the market on the local basis. Due to the export business only few international franchising relationships are made. Importers of the St. Michael brand , who were familiar with the success of the brand in their countries started investing in the business of Marks and Spencer . In the early 90s St Michael fr anchises were operating a good business in 14 different economies. By 1996 Marks and Spencers has 645 outlets worldwide, among these 645 outlets 58% of the shares were in UK, Europe and Canada.(De Nardi-cole 1998) . The picture has changed since then at the moment Marks and Spencer has about 70,000 employees in 900 stores all over the world with above 300 stores worldwide and 600 stores in the UK. Marks and Spencer has above 21 million visiting customers per week (Marks and Spencer, 2010). In general Retailers take relatively less risk to enter the global market, Instead they start exporting and franchising their products globally. Marks and Spencer did the same thing back in 1950s but due to the significant raise in the demand by the consumers marks and Spencer can go ahead by increasing globally as it has significant purchasing power. Marks and Spencer can utilize various types of modes of entry around the world. Marks and Spencer can open its own stores around the world or throug h expanding the business through franchise agreements. Marks and Spencer has its own stores in Canada, France, Belgium, Germany, Hong-Kong, Ireland, Spain and Netherlands. Marks and Spencer have the Franchise agreement with developing countries such as Bermuda, Canary Islands, The Bahamas, The Czech republic and Israel (De Naridi cole , 1998) the company started franchising in the countries who have smaller per capita income . Marks and Spencer started growing in south Asia from 2000 . Marks and Spencer had a franchise deal with a company called planet sport. According to the market basis it started the clothing and bath items only, the franchise owner VP.Sharma said to BBC that most of the goods in India are imported from Europe so The brand name of Marks and Spencer would help the business to grow rapidly. It is a good idea to increase the Franchise as Marks and Spencer has a good reputation all over the world and it origins from the land of costly brands. By taking Planet Sport a s example Marks and Spencers has the chance of growing globally as it is recognised globally, The management need to take necessary steps to increase globally keeping in mind all the factors . The chance of growing increases only when Marks and Spencers is activated globally. A specific strategy need to be implemented by the management for the raise in the branches all over the world which will be a good sign for the organisation. MARKET SEGMENTATION: Market Segmentation is defined as the process of splitting customers in a market into different groups within which customers share similar level of interests in the same or comparable set of needs satisfied by a distinct marketing proposition. Marks and Spencer has the opportunity to increase the technique of market segmentation by increasing its branches all over the places which will increase the business, in general marks and Spencer mainly have the mega stores all over the places but they dint concentrate on splitting the customers according to the area of interest. Sainsbury on other hand divided the customers by opening new stores called Sainsbury Locals which increased the business. In the same way Marks and Spencer has the opportunity by dividing the customers by establishing small shops which will reduce the maintenance cost and increase the profits as the manual power will gradually decrease when compared to mega stores and even the investment on the p ublicity will be less , keeping in mind all the features it has the opportunity of spreading the business by market segmentation. THREATS: Increased competition in all areas of business: Marks and Spencer has the threat of losing its scope in the business due to the competition, the increased competition in the retailer sector is a big worry as the other retail competitors such as Asda, Sainsbury and Tesco are expanding themselves such as Sainsburys local and Tesco Express where as Marks and Spencer is still relaying on the mega stores, if the same thing goes on there is a risk of losing its reputation among the customers so it is recommended to increase the stores where they can increase the profits so the Management need to come with a new scenario to develop the risk management by increasing the stores. Marks and Spencer need to come with a strategy to overcome all the obstacles PEST ANALYSIS: PEST analysis can be defined as the Political, Environmental, Social and Technological analysis that describes the frame work of the macro-environmental factors used in the environmental scanning components of strategic management(Brenner ,1998). Figure http://www.dreamstime.com/royalty-free-stock-image-pest-analysis-image14771406 SCENARIO PLANNING: As the world progresses further into developing stage, organisations are looking for different types of new techniques which would drive the organisation; uncertainty is becoming a factor to concentrate on for the business leaders. The changes are external to the organisation but to overcome these uncertainties there should be designed solution assuming the future. The well known technique for overcoming uncertainties is strategic planning; the strategy planning alone cannot overcome Political, Economical, Social and Technological factors. Another school of strategy planning has emerged as scenario planning. Rather than predicting the future scenario planning gives the different type of stories that organisation need to follow in the critical situation. It is clear that the participation in scenario planning can have direct impact on business and the decision making techniques are directly related to the business results (Schwartz, 1991). Scenario planning was first developed by RAND corporation in the early 1940s by Kahn and he titled it as Future-now (Kahn, 1940). The intent of this approach was to produce a script which would analyze the future and produce the report regarding the business by the business professionals. Around in 1960s Kahn adopted a name called scenario 1. Lean Economy 2. Political nightmare 3. Marks and Spencer forms as a conglomerate ( low competition and trend changes in the environment) 4. High competition and trend changes 5. Hr to Hr.2 for Marks and Spencer LEAN ECONOMY: Expected global recession to hit UK in 2030 If this situation occurs Marks and Spencers should be Developing the funds necessary to overcome the situation Having a focused team with knowledge on political issues Marks and Spencers should be active politically for best result to know the policies of the government which are going to be affecting the retailers. If the recession by 2030 occurs Marks and Spencers should be able to Compare the market situation and try to be cheaper than its competitors such as Primark, Next, Oasis in the clothing segment and retailers such as Sainsburys, Tesco and Asda etc. UK: 2030, if X party which does not support the retailers is in power and if there is another recession hits UK. The X government does not have any interest to support the retailers. The X party dont have any idea of injecting money into the market even the situation is so tight which will make the situation too worse , Marks and Spencer wont be in a situation to help itself from the crisis even the organisation will find difficult to run the business effectively. Even in this situation Marks and Spencer dont want to lose its reputation in the market by showing the situation to employees and the customers. POLITICAL NIGHTMARE: Uk:2030 expected change in the politicians policies towards the retailers which make the business sink If this change occurs Marks and Spencer need to focus on the political issues Role of HRM should be active in Marks and Spencer to overcome the critical situation Marks and Spencer should be able to Change the policies according to the political issues Marks and Spencer would be comfortable with the situation only when the organisation had a specific planning. MARKS AND SPENCER FORMS AS A CONGLOMERATE (LOW COMPETITION AND TREND CHANGES IN THE ENVIRONMENT) Expected that the situation in the global market changed by 2030 and there is low competition and also trend changes in the environment then Marks and Spencers need to follow different approach to the customers. If the situation goes then Marks and Spencer should focus on how to get closer to the customers and to retain the customers by offering incentives to remain with them. Due to the low competition Marks and Spencer can opt to spend more on Loyalty schemes rather than investing the money on advertising. Marks and Spencer need to look for cost saving techniques and then pass the savings for the lower prices to the customers. Marks and Spencer should merge as a conglomerate because of the potential benefits that might be provided to the organisation. Due to the less flow of the money in the market customers and business people show the value for money Keeping in mind the present situation Marks and Spencer could form as conglomerate will lead the business of Marks and Spencer remain both profitable and efficient. Marks and Spencer should concentrate on buying the shares of the smaller businesses who are facing tougher financial stages due to the present situation, as Marks and Spencers would be capable of investing their business under the franchise would be even helpful as they can expand the business even in tougher situation like this. MARKS AND SPENCER WITH DYNAMIC APPROACH (HIGH COMPETITION AND TREND CHANGES IN A GOOD ECONOMY): If this is the situation by 2030 consumers are with high income and they prefer to have better services rather than a normal service. Marks and Spencer should be in a situation to implement new technology for the fast growing customer needs. Marks and Spencers should be able to research its competitors potential at home and abroad, and it should be able to turn the customers to its side with dynamic approach as there is a chance of high competition and trend changes in a good economy. Marks and Spencers should have the ability to purchase the products due to high demand of products as consumers demand for the innovative technologies. Marks and Spencers is in a situation where there is high competition and tremendous changes in the trend in a good economy by 2030, the organisation should be able to have the purchasing power for the innovative technologies which will help the organisation to attract new customers with high potential so that the sales increase gradually even the competition in the market is high. Marks and Spencers should even concentrate on internalization as the economy is expected to be in raise which will increase the consumers needs , Marks and Spencers even need to have a check on its own potential with its competitors due to high competition. HRM SCENARIO: HR to HR 2.0 Expect the need. Strong work force planning must be conducted. Specify the job. Make sure that right job is assigned for the right employee; jobs must be built around the people. Developing the pool Concentrate on choosing the right assessors than concentrating on the assessment technique. Measure the candidates. Receiving the new comer. Helping him to acquire the organisation culture. Examine and review. MS should be able to foresee the need of recruiting the staff for some special occasions like Christmas and New Year. As the flow of customers will be high on these occasions, more employees must be recruited. To control the situations, MS should have a strong work force planning. The right job must be assigned to the right employees to achieve the best outputs. If the HR department fails to assign the right jobs, it will be of no use even if they best employees. The jobs must be built around the employees. It is very much important to develop the pool to easily filter the better workforce. The HR department should concentrate on choosing the best assessors rather than concentrating on the techniques they use to assess the employees. If they can assess the employees, then they